A set of business rules of thumb for pricing, sales, margins, retention, and cash flow. It links close rates, LTV to CAC, lead speed, utilization, and prepayment to whether a business is ready to scale.
For service businesses selling through people, a 35% close rate usually signals appropriate pricing, while 50% to 80% usually signals underpricing and supports raising price about 1.5x to 4x.
Target LTV:CAC by human involvement, 3:1 for software, 6:1 with one human step, 9:1 with two, 12:1 with attraction, conversion, and delivery. Fast lead response, 100 actions for 100 days, and 80% gross margin usually drive growth.
02 / 20
Close rate is the share of qualified prospects who buy.
About 1 in 3 buying, roughly 35%, is usually healthy for service sales through people.
03 / 20
A 50% to 80% close rate usually means the offer is underpriced.
For service businesses selling through people, raise price about 1.5x to 4x.
04 / 20
If close rates are below 30%, check targeting and sales process before price.
This applies when prospects are educated before the call and the call mainly personalizes.
05 / 20
LTV:CAC targets rise as more humans touch the sale.
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3:1 fits fully scalable software.
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6:1 fits one human step.
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9:1 fits two human steps.
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12:1 fits attraction, conversion, and delivery.
06 / 20
LTV is total gross profit from a customer. CAC is the cost to get that customer.
More human steps require higher LTV:CAC because labor adds cost and limits scale.
07 / 20
100:1
LTV:CAC reached in Gym Launch's first year.
About $100,000 spent generated about $10 million.
08 / 20
Extraordinary LTV:CAC comes from only two long-term paths.
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Drive CAC toward zero through brand.
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Drive CAC toward zero through virality.
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Drive LTV extremely high through large customer spend.
09 / 20
Small businesses feel inconsistent because promotion volume is too low, not because demand is random.
More volume smooths volatility.
10 / 20
The Rule of 100 increases volume enough to create growth.
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Pick one acquisition channel.
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Do 100 actions in that channel.
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Repeat for 100 days.
11 / 20
60 seconds
Calling a new lead within this window can cut CAC about 4x.
Fast lead response is one of sales' highest-leverage fixes.
12 / 20
Sales teams perform best when calendars are 70% to 75% full.
The workable range is 60% to 85% full.
13 / 20
Overbooking pushes appointments further out and lowers show rates.
Underbooking hurts morale and urgency.
14 / 20
Gross margin is price minus delivery cost. Service businesses should usually target at least 80% gross margin.
Weak gross margins make strong net profit mathematically unlikely.
15 / 20
Raising prices in limited-scale service businesses usually improves margins, talent, customers, and reputation.
Lowering prices usually creates the opposite cycle.
16 / 20
Cash targets that let growth fund itself.
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Recover CAC within 30 days.
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Collect first-month cash covering COGS and CAC.
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Then each new customer can fund the next one.
17 / 20
Do not scale until unit economics can absorb new-hire inefficiency.
Every added salesperson or operator creates temporary performance drops.
18 / 20
Prepayment reduces churn, and third-party financing can increase total sales about 35%.
A pay-10-months-get-12 offer converts about 15% to 20% to annual prepay, or 30% to 40% with added benefits.